ABSTRACT
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a long pentraxin, is not only released from dendritic cells and neutrophils but also from epithelial and endothelial cells such as alveolar epithelium. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initially activates the innate immune system, causing a complex immune response. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that PTX3, a locally and systemically secreted marker, can be used as a predictor of the severity and mortality in respiratory infections. In the current study, serum PTX3 levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were found to be significantly increased at admission and showed significant association with the disease severity.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Endothelial Cells , Humans , Biomarkers , SARS-CoV-2 , C-Reactive Protein , Patient AcuityABSTRACT
We aimed to analyze the expression profile of ACE2 and similar genes with ACE2, predict the number of variations in ACE2, detect the suspected SNPs on ACE2 gene, and perform the pathway analysis of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and protein absorption-digestion. Moreover, we have predicted the gene-related diseases with ACE2. STRING was used to analyze functionally similar genes with ACE2. Exome Variant Server, SIFT, Polyphen2 were used to predict the number of variations in ACE2 and detect the suspected SNPs on ACE2. KEGG database and STRING were used to draw pathway of ACE2. Then, DISEASES resource, FitSNPs, UniProt, BioXpress, IGV Browser, Ensembl Genome Browser, and UCSC Genome Browser were used to predict the ACE2 gene-related diseases and expression profile in human normal and cancer tissues. We have shown that expression of ACE2 was correlated with AGT, REN, AGTR1, AGRT2, MME2, DPP4, PRCP, MEP1A, XPNPEP2, MEP1BandACE2 is expressed in testis, kidney, heart, thyroid, colon, esophagus, breast, minor salivary gland, pancreas, lung, liver, bladder, cervix, and muscle tissues. We found 99 variations in ACE2 gene, in which no previous study has been performed. In the future, this in silico analysis should be combined with other pieces of evidence including experimental data to assign function.
ABSTRACT
Abstract We aimed to analyze the expression profile of ACE2 and similar genes with ACE2, predict the number of variations in ACE2, detect the suspected SNPs on ACE2 gene, and perform the pathway analysis of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and protein absorption-digestion. Moreover, we have predicted the gene-related diseases with ACE2. STRING was used to analyze functionally similar genes with ACE2. Exome Variant Server, SIFT, Polyphen2 were used to predict the number of variations in ACE2 and detect the suspected SNPs on ACE2. KEGG database and STRING were used to draw pathway of ACE2. Then, DISEASES resource, FitSNPs, UniProt, BioXpress, IGV Browser, Ensembl Genome Browser, and UCSC Genome Browser were used to predict the ACE2 gene-related diseases and expression profile in human normal and cancer tissues. We have shown that expression of ACE2 was correlated with AGT, REN, AGTR1, AGRT2, MME2, DPP4, PRCP, MEP1A, XPNPEP2, MEP1BandACE2 is expressed in testis, kidney, heart, thyroid, colon, esophagus, breast, minor salivary gland, pancreas, lung, liver, bladder, cervix, and muscle tissues. We found 99 variations in ACE2 gene, in which no previous study has been performed. In the future, this in silico analysis should be combined with other pieces of evidence including experimental data to assign function.